Catherine Rathell, Milliner of Fredericksburg, Williamsburg, and Annapolis

While we at Wallace, Davidson & Johnson typically post examples here from Annapolis or the Province of Maryland, we thought that one particular example of the milliner's trade would be best served with an example which originated in Fredericksburg in the Province of Virginia, moved to Williamsburg in the same Province, came to Annapolis and then relocated back to Williamsburg. By taking a look at the papers of John Norton & Sons as well as the Maryland Gazette and the Virginia Gazette, we hope that readers may have a fuller understanding of the Milliner in late colonial British North America.

Catherine Rathell first appears in the Virginia Gazette on April 18, 1766 when she advertises that she is "lately arrived from London and at present in Fredericksburg." In this advertisement she advertises a variety of imported good to include the best flowered and plain satins, flowered and plain modes, sarcenets, and Persians flowered, striped and plain English gauze, from 5s. 9d. to 12s. a yard, great variety of blond, minionet, thread and black lace, joining blonds for ladies caps and handkerchiefs, black and white gauze handkerchiefs, wedding and other fans from 4s. 6d. to 30s., ready made stomachers and knots, a great variety of ribands, french beads and earrings, ladies caps from 2s. 6d. to 25s., fly caps and lappets, egrets of all sorts, silk and leather gloves and mitts, summer hats and cloaks, cardinals, French tippets, black gauze and catgut love riband for mourning, silk, thread and cotton stockings, for ladies and gentlemen, gentlemens laces ruffles from 30s. to 10l., bags for wigs and solitaires, Irish linens and tapes in variety, garnet and Bristol stone and pearl sleeve buttons set in silver, garnet and gold broaches, a variety of silver shoe buckles, in the newest fashions for ladies and gentlemen, with knee buckles for the later, silver thimbles with steel bottoms, pencils in silver cases, enameled nutmeg graters, best needles sorted in due proportion from the finest cambrick to the largest darning needles, in such variety as never before imported, with some articles of stationery, viz. blank ledgers, memorandum and pocket books in great variety, and sundry articles too tedious to mention. she also advertised that she made all sort of millinery in the best and newest taste for the following prices: full dress suits 11s. 6d., laced do at 9s. 6d., plain do at 7s. 6d., also washes and makes up all sorts of laces and gauzes, so as to be little inferior to new. She also sold Dr. Anderson's pills.

Advertisement for Catherine Rathell in Fredericksburg

Virginia Gazette April 18, 1766

By the time Rathell advertised in the Virginia Gazette on October 6, 1768, she had relocated to Williamsburg. In addition to advertising that she had lodgings available for six gentlemen, she advertised a variety of imported goods to include flowered satin and spotted mode cardinals and cloaks, hats and bonnets, gauze and lace, plain, striped and book muslin, fine thick cambrick and clear lawns, fine book muslin bordered handkerchiefs, a large and fashionable assortment of ribands, caps, egrets, plumes, feathers, and fillets, exceeding fine lappet hoods, a neat assortment of garnet and paste, hoop and other rings, paste shoe, knee, and stock buckles, silver mounted morocco pocket books with instruments, and some very complete and secure with two locks, housewives for ladies with instruments, boys satin caps of all sizes, white, black, and coloured, silk hose, fine India cotton do, different sorts of cotton and worsted do., boys and girls worsted do., Didsbury's best shoes and pumps for gentlemen, red blue and yellow slippers for do., Didsbury's best and neatest black and white satin calimanco pumps for ladies, a piece of exceeding good black paduasuay, a very very neat and genteel assortment of wedding, mourning, second mourning, and other fans, cases for do., childrens shoes of all sizes, artificial hair pins, breast flowers, equal in beauty to any every imported, and so near resemble nature that the nicest eye can hardly distinguish the difference, coloured, white, and black silk French kid and lamb gloves and mitts for ladies, girls and children, buck, doe, kid, lamb, woodstock, wash leather, and white gloves for gentlemen, black silk bags and roses for do., blond silk and cotton thread for working, sewing silks of all sorts, best English pound and paper pins, needles sorted, fine plaited stocks and stock tape, quilted petticoats, red cardinals, garlands and trimmings, walking sticks, canes and ratans, skeleton and skeign wire, three for a shilling, with many other articles too tedious to insert. She also had on hand a few dozen of large and small felt hats, some pieces of German and British osnabrigs.

Advertisement for Catherine Rathell in Williamsburg

Virginia Gazette October 6, 1768

On April 13, 1769, Rathell advertised in the Virginia Gazette that she intended to leave Williamsburg for London and return in a few months.

Advertisement for Catherine Rathell's departure from Williamsburg

Virginia Gazette April 13, 1769

She did return to London to purchase new merchandise, but she did not return to Williamsburg as she had advertised earlier in April. Instead, on September 7, 1769, Rathell announced in the Maryland Gazette, that she had opened shop at the house of William Whetcroft in West Street, near the Town Gate in Annapolis. Here she advertised a variety of imported goods for sale to include white satins, India and other chintzes, calico, ginghams, muslin, cat-gut, flowered gauze aprons, cloaks, cardinals, hats, bonnets, a fashionable assortment of caps, egrets, fillets, breast flowers, a large assortment of fashionable ribands, hats for youths and boys, riding hats and feathers for ladies, gold bands, buttons and loops, silk pieces for gentlemens breeches, black, white and colored silk hose for gentlemen, spun silk ditto, superfine India cotton ditto, both for ladies and gentlemen, worsted and cotton ditto for children, a very neat paste necklace and earrings, French bead earrings and necklaces, box and ivory combs, chased and plain silver nutmeg graters, very neat enameled ditto, jet bunches, ivory cases, with smelling bottles, riband measures, kid, lamb and silk gloves and mitts for ladies, with all sorts of wedding, mourning and other fans, silk, brown thread, doe, buck, lamb, woodstock, wash-leather, and white gloves for gentlemen, neat shoes and pumps for ditto, childrens and girls shoes of all sorts, white trimmings, new fashioned riband ruffs, very fine plaited stocks and stock tape, ladies riding sticks, blond silk, and cotton thread for working, watch strings, Irish garters, garlands, feather and other muffs, pocket handkerchiefs, satin caps for boys, sewing silks, thead and tapes of all kinds, court plaisters, skeleton and skein wire, and many other articles.

Advertisement for Catherine Rathell in Annapolis

Maryland Gazette September 9, 1769

Rathell returned to London and in July 1771 left London with a very large cargo. Returning to Williamsburg, Rathell advertised on October 10, 1771 in the Virginia Gazette that she had opened a shop "where Mr. Ayscough lately lived, opposite the South side of the Capitol" as "it was impossible to get a house on the main street" and hoped "the little distance [would] make no difference to her former customers." This building is better known to visitors to Colonial Williamsburg today as the Gunmaker's Shop.

Shop Occupied by Catherine Rathell in Colonial Williamsburg from October 1771 to January 1772

Advertisement for Catherine Rathell in Williamsburg

Virginia Gazette October 10, 1771

On November 16, 1771 Rathell wrote to John Norton in London, principal partner of John Norton and Sons expressing interest in having his firm supply her with goods for her shop in Williamsburg. In this letter she placed a rather small order for good as follows:

3 Doz.n Sword Canes...  7/ ps
24 Spring Brass Candlesticks...  with 1/2 half a pound of Taper Green Wax Candle on 12 of them & a pound of Do on Each of the other twelve, with 12 pound of white wax  Do. in paper for a supply
2 Doz.n pair very Neat best Doe or Buck Skin Gloves

Rathell again wrote to Norton in London with another order for goods as follows:

8 pair of the very best Neat Paste Shoe Buckles from 30/ to 50 a pair
2 pair of Neat high Thread Paste Knee Do 1 3/4 Inch Long at 10 to 11/ a ps.
12 pr. of handsome New fashion Gilt Shoe Do With knee to Match but not very small
18 pair of Plaited Carved Shoe Buckles. I bought them in London last July for 2/ a pr.
1 piece of 25 yards of Irish Stout yard Wide Linen at 14d or 15 a yard
3 pair of Plaited Soop ladles
4 pair of Silver Sauce Spoons with round Bowls & Crooket handles like the Ladles
3 Good Second hand Silver Watches Cuped from 50/ to £3
3 Neat Do. ----- Do Pinch Back With plain Green & Blue fish Skin Cases
1 Gross of Bone or Ivory Bodkings
3 Dozn. of Silver ------- Do
2 pair of handsome Plaited Candle Sticks from 4 to 5 pounds
2 pair of flat Plaited Do with Snuffers and Extinguishers
24 Very Neat Moroco Pocket Books   Pocket Books some with Silver Edges & Pockets at Each Ends, one End with Lock & Key, and some Stitched with Silver Wire from 15/ to a Guinea, the must be very handsome & have good Instruments
24 Smaller Do from 4/6 to 10/ with Instruments
12 Asses Sking Memordm Books in Gilt Leather Cases & Ribon to pull out
18 of the Best London Razors with Crooket Backs
12 London Do Streight Backs
6 yards of Bright Pink half ell Peeling Satin at 3/6 p yard
6 yards of handsome Blue Do ------ Do ------- at Do
36 yards of White flannell, the thickest & Best that Can be got for 13 or 14d p yd
     N.B. it Must be very White as it is for Gentlemens Jackets
1 Gross of Blue Silk Jacket Buttons at 2/6 pr Gross the Colour to match the Peelg.
1 Gross of Pink Silk Buttons to Match the Pink Sattin at Do
1 Dozn. of Best and Neatest Buck or Doe Sking Gloves added to 2 Dozn. I sent to you for by Mr. Norton
2 Dozn. of Best Sham Beaver Gloves, it the are very good to send 3 Dozn.
3 Dozn. of the Neatest New fashion Gent.mens sleeve Buttons

12 Handsome Necklaces of Diferent Sorts & Coulars Set in Silver and Some with Earrings from 18 to 20/ a ps.
3 Garnet Sprigs from 9 to 12/ a ps.

all to make play purses
1 oz of Gold flat
1 os of Silver Do
1 oz of Bright Blue Silk Twist
1 oz of handsome Pink Do
1 oz of Green Do

1 Soft flesh Brush

On January 17, 1772, Rathell again wrote to Norton in London ordering the following:

6 Dozn. or Didsburys or Carpues best and Neatest Shoes, half of the Dress & the other half very Stout & Strong of Wax Leather for Wet Weather
6 Dozn. of Neat London Mead Mens shoes of all sizes at 4/ 4/6 & 5/
6 Dozn of Girls Callamco. Shoes of all Colours & from 12 years of age to one year, the very smallest first Size I have

When Rathell wrote to Norton again on January 31, 1772, she informed him that she now had a store exactly opposite the Raleigh Tavern where she hoped "to do three times the business [she] ever did." At that time she also ordered the following:

6 Dozn. of Either Didsbury or Carpues best & Neatest Shoes, half of them very stout Wax Leather, the other Dress, Stitched heels &c long hind Quarters from ye largest to the smallest size
6 Dozn. of Neat & Strong Do at 4/6 or 5/
6 Dozn. Girls black & Red Leather & Callamco Shoes Some with Cork heels to fit from the age of one year to 12, I have on hand a Quantity of the first Shoes don't want any of them
All of the Above I wrote for by post the 17th Inst.
8 pairs Tutenague Newest fashioned Salts & Glasses
8 pr. of Silver Salt Shovells for Do
9 Dozn. of yellow Gilt Leather Listing for Doors
9 Dozn. of White Silverd Do both from 4 to 6/ p Dozn
Nails to Match both
2 Dozn. of White Ribed Silk Hose , half with , & half without Flowered Clocks at 12/6 Diferent Sises or 13/
3 Dozn. of handsome Dark Coulard Ribed & plain Silk Do at 12/
4 Dozn. of Gentlemens Nicest white Kid Gloves diferent Sizes
2 Dozn. White Silk Do some very large
3 Dozn. Neat Lamb Gloves Ladies Do. at  12 or 13. pr Dozn.
2 Dozn. pair of Do Mitts Diferent Sizs at Do. at Do
2 lb of Indie Cotton in Ounces for working Muslin &c
16 Dozn. of White Neat floss Trimings at 6 & 7/6 p Dozn.
1 Dozn. of Ladies White Silk Gloves Large & small
4 Dozn. of Purple Lamb Mitts Branched
2 Dozn. Kid Do
2 Dozn. Childrens fine Cotton Hose 6 Diferent Sises to fit from 4 to 10 years old
1 Dozn. of Small Boys Gloves
2 pieces of very handsome Black & white Second Mourning Ribbon
3 pieces of Black plain Edged Sattin Ribbon for tieing hair
18 Very Neat green Leather  Ladies Pocket Books silver Locks & good Instruments, 12 of them with Pockets at Each End
12 yards of neat spriged Gause undressed 4 yards of a Sort
3 Dozn. of Blond Lace for Do. from 1/6 to 2/6 p yard
6 Nice White Silver paperd Weding fans, Pierced Ivery Sticks
4 White Quilted Peeling Child Bed Basket & Pin Cushions well & Safe Packed up or the Sattin will Mildue & spot
6 Cards of Childrens very Neat Small Locket Button Set in Silver
12 Reading Glasses Set in Silver, & Cases for Do
1 Dozn. Green handle Jubily Pocket Knives & forks both in a piece
6 pound of Pigtail Tobacco in Small roles its for a Gentlemans Chewing must be the best & wrapped up very Carefully separate papers
2 pair of tutenague Snuffers & Snuff Dishes
3 pair of Plaited Do
6 Cheese Cutters
12 pair of Nail Nippers
6 Powder Machines
1 piece of the best Black Worsted peticoat Binding Broad
6 Tambore flowered with Silk Sword Knots
4 plaited Table Crosses
6 Neat Newest fashioned falling Necklaces
4 Dozn. of Essance of Pearl from Bayley in Cockspur Street
2 Dozn. Dentefrice from Do
4 Dozn. of Tooth Brushes from Do 2 of Each Sort
200 of the very long Bonnet or Hat Pins yt are 6 Inches Long
1 Lb of Caraway Seeds
3 pr of Black &
3 pr of Second Mourning Buckles Very neat Ovel
24 yards of fine Jacobs Lather [Ladder]
2 Cinder Showells for my self at 1/ each
2 pr. of fire Iron holdfasts for Do.
1 Piece of Love Ribd for to tie in Boes Stomachers & Sleeve knots

The final surviving order which Rathell placed with John Norton & Sons was in a letter dated July 22, 1772 and is as follows:

12/ in Blond Laces & Edgings, none of the Lace to Exceed 2/6 a yard & Some Edging as Low as 2/6 a Dozn. to 12/ a Dozn. With about 12 yards of flowd Gause for Suits of Linen
4 pieces of Narrow Pink Ribn
4 pieces of Blue Do
4 pieces of White Do 2d
all the Breath of the Patton, & no other Coulers
3 Dozn. of Thread hair Nets, Such as gentlemen Sleep in
3 Dozn. Bunches of Pink Sheneele & No Other Coulars
18 yards of Catgut at 14 pence a yard
4 pound of Scane wire half Corse & half fine

Advertisement for Catherine Rathell in Williamsburg

Virginia Gazette May 5, 1774

Advertisement for Catherine Rathell in Williamsburg

Virginia Gazette October 20, 1774

Advertisement for Catherine Rathell in Williamsburg

Virginia Gazette February 23, 1775

On October 6, 1775 in the Virginia Gazette, M. Brodie, at Mrs. Rathell's store, advertised the sale of all the stock in the store as well as a large bow window, with bars and windows, some show glass and glass cases.

Within sight of Liverpool on November 26, 1775, Mrs. Rathell was lost at sea when the ship she was returning to England foundered and sank.

All Rights Reserved.

Rules of Precedency in late Colonial Maryland...

Something which can take most modern Americans off guard is the formality of 18th century colonial America. Within that culture were established rules for the ranking of individuals in society and the associated titles and forms of address given to each.

On May 26, 1774, Purdie and Dixon published in their Virginia Gazette the Rules of Precedency of Men and Women in America, which had been prepared by Joseph Edmonson, Mowbray Herald.

This set the official hierarchy in the American colonies ranking the Gentlemen of the Province and the wives.

At the top of the rankings was the Governor of the Colony or Province, and his wife. He was typically addressed as "His Excellency."

Next in line was the President of the Council and his wife followed by the Counselors and their wives. These gentlemen were typically addressed as "the Honourable."

The Speaker of the Commons House of Assembly, or in Maryland the House of Delegates, and his wife came next.

This was followed by the Chief Justice and his wife, the Treasurer and his wife and the Associate Justices and their wives.

Next in line were Baronets and their wives, of which none were present in Maryland during the period of Provincial rule, Robert Eden receiving his after his return to England on October 19, 1776, but when present were addressed as Sir, in the case of the Baronet of Maryland. A Baron ranked higher than a Baronet, in the case of the Baronet of Botetourt, and ranked above all others in Colonial America except an Earl, and was addressed as "Lord." Lord Dunmore, being an Earl, ranked above all others in Colonial America including Barons and was addressed as "Lord" as well.

The Attorney General and his wife ranked next followed by the Judge of the Admiralty and his wife.

The Secretary of the Colony or Province and his wife ranked next followed by the Gentlemen of the Assembly, or in the case of Maryland, the House of Delegates, and their wives.

The Mayor and his wife, followed by the Aldermen and their wives ranked next (in Maryland this applied only to Annapolis, the only city in the Province) followed by members of the Corporation and their wives.

These ranks stood only in the Colony or Province in which there were granted and the rank did not carry into other Provinces, except for the rank held in private life, such as Esquire. For those not familiar, Esquire is a title given, which ranks below a Knight and above a Gentlemen and has no connection to the legal profession, though in Modern America lawyers had adopted this title somehow appointing themselves to lower nobility in only a way a lawyer can.

Rank for women of government officials was dependent on their husband holding the office and did not continue after his death.

Military officers holding the rank of Captain held the social rank of an Esquire. Esquire was simply denoted as Esq. following the name and was used in conjunction with titles such as His Excellency and The Honorable.

All Rights Reserved.

A Taste for Imported Food Items...

Outside paintings, diaries, letters and newspaper advertisements, there is one very good source which provides some insight into the variety of Dry Saltery, Groceries, Sugar and Lemons which were imported into Annapolis, Maryland in the late Colonial period.

In the years before Charles Wallace of Annapolis became partner in Wallace, Davidson and Johnson in 1771, he imported Lisbon lemons, muscovado sugar from Barbados, salt from the Isle of May, among other items.

From 1771 to 1775, the Annapolis merchant firm of Wallace, Davidson & Johnson imported Dry Saltery, Groceries, Sugar and Lemons not only for their own store on the city dock in Annapolis, but also for individual customers special orders as well as other merchants doing business in other parts of the Province and Wallace, Davidson & Johnson's own stores in Nottingham, Queen Anne and Pig Point.

 Maryland Gazette, March 5, 1775

Below is a partial transcription of their order books, showing the Dry Saltery, Groceries, Sugar and Lemons as well as when and for whom they were being ordered.

It is interesting to note that the orders for tea placed by Wallace, Davidson & Johnson for others continued after the burning of the Peggy Stewart in October 1774. Charles Carroll of Carrollton, a signed of the Declaration of Independence for Maryland was one of those ordering the importation of tea for his personal use.

Also, some items, like vermicelli, are extreme luxury items going to only a few people. Charles Carroll of Carrolton ordered this from Wallace, Davidson and Johnson in 1773. And Governor Eden had vermicelli in his house inventory when he left Annapolis in June 1776.

It is hoped that this will provide some interesting information for other researchers as well as reenactors.

(from Maryland State Archives, Chancery Court (Chancery Papers, Exhibits) Wallace, Davidson Johnson, Order Books, 1771/4/25-1775/11/16. MSA S 528-27/28)

Order Books

25 April 1771

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson 

Dry Saltery
20 tt alum 24/
12 tt sago 2/
28 tt anchovies in 1 tt bottles 1/8
28 tt olives 28/
1 doz pints fine sallad oil 15/
1/2 chest florence sallad oil 40/
12 tt bottles mustard
24 1/2 tt bottles of mustard
48 1/4 tt bottles of mustard

Grocery
2 tt sugar candy 10d
100 tt ground ginger 60/
12 tt Race ginger 60/
25 tt Pimento 10d
10 tt Hartshorn shavings 1/4
1 1/2 ct sun rasins
1 1/2 ct currants
1/4 ct hul'd almonds
1 ct salt petre
3 tt nutmegs
1 tt cloves
1 tt mace
1 tt cinamon
100 tt pepper
1/2 chest hyson tea 11/
1/2 chest congo tea 5/6
1 chest bohea tea 2/

Sugar
3 ct double refined sugar 
30 ct single refined sugar

Order Books

4 August 1771

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson

Dry Saltery
28 tt alum
28 tt anchovies in 1 tt bottles
28 tt olives
1 doz pints fine sallad oil
1/2 chest florence sallad oil
12 tt sago

Grocery
24 tt sugar candy
6 doz sugar plumbs for worms
4 tt hartshorn chips
25 tt hul'd almonds
     tt rasins
     tt currants
1/4 chest hyson tea
1/4 congo tea
1 chest bohea tea
3 tt nutmegs
1 tt cloves
1 tt mace
1 tt cinnamon

Sugars
3 ct double refined sugar
30 ct single refined sugar

Lemons
6 half chests lemons
6 1/4 chests lemons

Order Books

26 November 1771

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson 

Dry Saltery
50 tt sago
30 tt anchovies
50 pint bottles capers
24 1/2 pint bottles of soy
30 quarts French olives in pint bottles
10 quarts Spanish olives in pint bottles
6 tt bottles mustard
12 1/2 tt bottles mustard
14 1/4 tt bottles mustard
24 pints sallad oil

Grocery
100 tt pepper
30 tt sugar candy
50 tt ground ginger
12 tt race ginger
20 tt hartshorn shavings
200 tt sun raisins
50 tt jar raisins
50 tt hul'd almonds
6 tt nutmegs
2 tt cloves
2 tt mace
2 tt cinnamon
1 chest best bohea tea
1 1/2 chest best congo tea
1 1/2 chest hyson tea

Lemons
10 1/2 chests lemons

Order Books

3 December 1771

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson 

Grocery
a hogshead almonds
100 tt currants
200 tt sun raisins
50 tt jar raisins

Order Books

20 March 1772

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson

Dry Saltery
200 tt mustard in tt 1/2 tt 1/4 tt bottles
30 tt sago
20 tt anchovies in small pots
20 quart bottles capers
30 quart bottles French olives
10 quart battles Spanish olives

Sugar
6000 single best
1000 double
some of the first sugar was indifferent

Grocery
2 casks pepper
100 brown sugar candy
50 white sugar candy
50 ground ginger
20 tt race ginger
50 tt pimento
30 tt hartshorn shavings
500 sun raisins
100 jar raisins
500 currants
1 hhd almonds
1 hhd walnuts
10 tt nutmegs
3 tt mace
3 tt cinnamon
100 salt petre
2 chests bohea tea very good
1 chest hyson tea very good
1 chest congo tea very good
3 pound cloves

Order Books

26 September 1772

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson

Lemons

20 half chests best lemons

Sugar

3000 tt single refined sugar

Order Books

24 October 1772

For Richard Tilghman Earle (merchant Chester Mill, Queen Anne's County)

Grocery
1 ct black pepper
20 tt pimento
5 tt nutmegs
1 tt cloves
1 tt cinnamon
2 ct single refined sugar low priced or none
1 ct bohea tea @ 2/4
0.2 ct congo tea @5/
0.0.28 ct green tea @ 8/
1/2 doz bottles capers
1/2 doz bottles olives
1/2 doz bottles anchovies
2 doz 1/2 tt bottles mustard

Order Books

18 November 1772

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson

Dry Saltery
50 tt raisin

Grocery
1 chest congo tea
1 chest hyson tea
10 tt nutmegs
6 jars of jar raisins

Order Books

19 February 1773

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson

Grocery
3 tt virmacelle
1 chest bohea tea

Order Books

24 May 1773

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson

Sugar
1000 tt single refined sugar

Grocery
2 casks of pepper if to be had reasonable otherwise 1 only
50 lb white & brown candy
2 lb race ginger
30 lb hartshorn shavings
10 lb nutmegs
3 lb mace
3 lb cinnamon
3 lb cloves
6 jars raisins
100 lbs currants
1 barrel salt petre
50 lbs pimento

Tea
2 chests bohea tea
1 chest hyson
1 chest congo

Dry Saltery
3 doz pint bottles best salad oil
3 doz lb bottles Durham mustard
6 doz 1/2 lb bottles Durham mustard
12 doz 1/4 lb bottles Durham mustard
20 lbs rock alum
20 lbs sago
56 lbs pearl barley

Order Books

16 October 1773

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson

Grocery
2000 lbs single sugar
1 chest hyson tea
1 chest congo
1 chest bohea

Order Books

17 October 1773

For Charles Carroll of Carrolton

Grocery
50 lbs best Turkey coffee
10 lbs alum
1 lb pimento
1 lb cloves
1 lb nutmegs
1 cwt & 1/2 best double refined sugar
2 cwt lump sugar 9 1/2 d per lb
12 lbs best hyson tea
12 lbs best congo
6 lbs best plain chocolate
6 lbs Venello chocolate
1 small jar of raisins of 25 lbs the best sort
1 bushel almonds in shell
6 lbs vermicelli

Oil Vinegar etc
12 flasks of the best new salad oil
30 gallons best white wine vinegar

Order Books

17 October 1773

For Charles Carroll of Carrolton - Elk Ridge

Oils Pickles etc
12 flasks of the best new salad oil
4 quarts of the best anchovies
4 quarts best French olives
1 pint of best soy
30 gallons of best white wine vinegar

Grocery
1 small jar best blue(sp?) raisins about 25 lbs
1 bushel of sweet almonds in shell
2 lbs cinnamon
2 lbs nutmegs
4 lbs sago
10 lbs black pepper
10 lbs salt petre
10 lbs ginger
10 lbs hartshorn shavings
200 cwt of good lump sugar at about 9 1/2 d per lb
150 wt of best double refined sugar
12 lbs best hyson tea
12 lbs best congo tea
60 lbs best Turkey coffee
4 lbs best plain chocolate

Order Books

11 October 1773

For Robert Tyler

Sugar
60 wt single refined loaf sugar
1 large loaf of double refined

Order Books

16 October 1773

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson

Tea
1 chest hyson tea
1 chest congou tea

Order Books

No Date [1773?]

For Use of the Ship Kitty & Nelly

one hundred of loaf sugar
one jar of raisins
one [        ] of raisins
twelve pounds of almonds
three pounds of green tea
three boxes of lemons

Order Books

14 December 1773

For William Bond (merchant of Baltimore Town)

Dry Saltery
2 doz bottles mustard

Order Books

24 November 1773

For Hall, Gilbert & Hall 

Grocery
1 jar currants
2 jars raisins
1 jar almonds
12 lb ginger
1 small chest good bohea tea
6 pots green sweet meats & citron

Order Books

24 November 1773

For Buchanan & Cowen 

Dry Saltery
4 small pots anchovies
6 bottles capers
4 bottles olives
5 doz bottles mustard 5/
20 lbs salt petre 1/
25 lbs alum 10/

Grocery
100 lbs pepper 13d
1 lb cinnamon 16/
1/4 lb mace 18/
3 lbs nutmegs 9/
1200 lbs single refined sugar in loaves packed in small casks 68/
200 lbs double refined sugar 90/
1 chest bohea tea
1/4 chest hyson tea

Order Books

No Date [1774]

For Archibald Buchanan (merchant of Baltimore Town)

Grocery
1 chest good bohea tea
1/2 chest good hyson
6 lbs choushong in canisters
6 lbs congo in canisters
500 single loaf sugar
100 double refined sugar
3 lbs nutmegs
1/2 lb mace
1/2 lb cloves

Dry Saltery
2 doz mustard 5/
8 lbs anchovies in quart bottles
6 quarts capers
6 quarts Spanish olives
1/2 chest sweet oil 80/

Order Books

No Date [1774]

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson 

Dry Saltery
25 lbs sago
25 lbs anchovies
6 doz best capers

Order Books

No Date [1774]

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson - For the Nottingham Store

Dry Saltery
6 doz barrels mustard in small bottles 5/
25 lbs salt petre

Grocery
100 loaves single refined sugar
1/2 lb mace
1/2 lb cloves
1/2 lb cinnamon bark 
50 lbs black pepper 1/
1 lb nutmegs

Order Books

No Date [1774]

For Aquila Hall

Grocery
1/2 lb nutmegs
1/4 lb cloves
1/4 mace
1/4 lb cinnamon
6 lbs pepper

Order Books

1 October 1770

For Reuben Merriwether

Pepper
6 lbs black pepper 1/1

Dry Saltery
6 lbs salt petre 

Order Books

19 March 1774

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson

Grocery
2000 lbs single refined sugar if good & cheap
200 lbs double refined sugar
1 cask pepper
50 lbs hartshorn shavings
5 lbs nutmegs
1 lb mace
1 lb cinnamon
1 lb cloves
2 chest bohea tea
2 chests hyson
2 chests congou
50 lbs prunes
20 lbs sago

Dry Saltery
1 cask salt petre
3 doz lb bottles Durham mustard
6 doz 1/2 lb bottles Durham mustard
12 doz 1/4 lb bottles Durham mustard

Order Books

19 March 1774

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson - For the Nottingham Store

Grocery
1/2 chest bohea tea containing 150 lbs
6 lbs green tea in pound canisters 12/
6 lbs hyson tea in pound canisters
50 loaves single refined sugar
1 jar currants
1 jar raisins

Order Books

20 March 1774

For Archibald Buchanan (merchant of Baltimore Town)

Grocery
1000 lbs single refined loaf sugar

Order Books

20 March 1774

For Buchanan & Cowan

Grocery
1 chest bohea tea
1000 lbs single refined sugar

Order Books

9 April 1774

For Hall, Gilbert & Hall

Dry Saltery
20 lbs salt petre 12d

Grocery
1000 lbs single loaf sugar
1 lb nutmegs 9/6
1 lb cinnamon 17/

Order Books

No Date [1774]

For Charles Carroll Barrister

Grocery
1/4 C best Tribble refined sugar
1 C double refined sugar
1 C single refined sugar

Order Books

27 June 1774

For Lux & Bowly

Grocery
4 C pepper

Order Books

24 April 1774

For Clement Brooke

Dry Saltery
10 lbs salt petre

Grocery
20 lbs pepper
1/4 lb cinnamon
1/4 lb mace
2 lbs green tea

Order Books

1 May 1774

For Henry Brookes


£4 worth single refined loaf sugar


On June 4, 1774, a body of the inhabitants of Annapolis and Anne Arundel county, agreed to stop the importation of goods from Great Britain not already ordered and of those goods already ordered that shall not have been shipped by July 20^th. Despite the political leanings of many in Maryland, the orders for good from London, to include tea for a future signer of the Declaration of Independence, directed to Joshua Johnson, partner of the firm of Wallace, Davidson & Johnson in London, continued as seen below.

Order Books

10 June 1774

For Aquila Hall

Dry Saltery
10 lbs good salt petre

Order Books

25 July 1774

For Thomas Ringgold

Grocery
500 lbs of the best single loaf sugar
300 lbs best double refined sugar

Order Books

20 August 1774

For Isaac Hall

Grocery
70 lbs single refined sugar
8 lbs currants

Order Books

12 August 1774

For Benjamin Hall

Grocery
2 loaves single refined sugar
15 lbs raisins in a butter pot

Order Books

29 August 1774

For Robert Tyler (May be Robert Tyler of Prince Georges County born 5 November 1727 and died 8 August 1778)

Grocery
100 lbs single refined sugar

Order Books

20 August 1774

For Jacob Green

Sugar
100 lbs single refined sugar

Order Books

29 September 1774

For William Bond (merchant of Baltimore Town)

Grocery
2 ct weight of bohea tea
4 ct weight of single refined loaf sugar

Order books

No Date [1774]

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson 

Grocery
3000 lbs single refined sugar
500 lbs double refined sugar

Grocery
2 chests good bohea tea
2 chests best hyson tea
2 chests good congou tea
100 lbs black pepper
3 lbs nutmegs
1 lb cinnamon
1 lb cloves
1 lb mace
50 lbs race ginger
20 lbs pimento
20 lbs sago

Dry Saltery
40 lbs anchovies
2 doz bottles capers
doz pints fine Florence oil
20 lbs alum
3 doz lb best Durham mustard
6 doz 1/2 lb best Durham mustard
12 doz 1/4 lb best Durham mustard

Order books

17 November 1774

For Edward Botelar - For the Wallace Davidson & Johnson Store in Nottingham
 
Grocery
1 [m?] weight single refined sugar
1/2 lb mace
1/2 lb nutmegs
1/2 lb cloves
1/2 lb cinnamon
50 lbs black pepper
25 lbs ginger
25 lbs pimento

Dry Saltery
50 lbs salt petre
2 doz bottles mustard
1 doz quart capers
1 doz flasks sweet oil

Order books

No Date [1774]

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson - For the Queen Anne Store

Grocery
12 C loaf sugar single refined 66/
50 lbs pepper 1/1
1 lb nutmegs 9/
1/2 lb cinnamon 16/
1/2 lb mace 18/
1/2 lb cloves 11/
1/4 C ginger 70/
1/2 C raisins 38/
1/4 C almonds in shells 35/

Order books

No Date [1774]

For Wallace Davidson and Johnson - For the Pig Point Store

Dry Saltery
6 doz bottles mustard
25 lbs salt petre

Grocery
10 Ct single sugar
2 lb nutmegs
1 lb cinnamon
1 lb cloves
1 lb mace
1/2 ct ginger
50 lbs pepper
10 lbs pimento

Order Books

8 January 1775

For Charles Carroll of Carrolton

Grocery &ct
56 lbs best Turkey coffee
1 lb pimento
1 lb mace
1 lb cloves
2 lbs nutmegs
6 lb ginger
10 lbs pearl barley
10 lbs black pepper
4 lbs sago
12 lbs best plain chocolate
6 lbs venello chocolate
12 lbs best congou tea
1 small chest of bets hyson tea about 70 lbs
1 cwt 1/2 best trebble refined sugar
1 cwt 1/2 lump sugar at about 9d per lb
2 small jars of best raisins
1 small jar of best currants
2 bushels of sweet almonds in shell

Dry Saltery
12 quart flasks of best new sallad oil
30 gallons of best white wine vinegar
2 quarts of best anchovies
2 quarts of best French olives
1 small bottle of Cayan pepper
1 small bottle of best soy
24 small bottles best mustard
10 lbs salt petre

Order Books

8 January 1775

For Charles Carroll of Carrolton - For Elk Ridge

Grocery
2 lbs nutmegs
2 lbs mace
6 lbs ginger
8 lbs black pepper
10 lbs salt petre
12 lbs of best congou tes
50 lbs of best Turkey coffee
12 lbs of best chocolate plain
1 1/2 cwt of best trebble refined sugar
1 1/2 cwt of best lump sugar at about 9d per lb
1 bushel & 1/2 of almonds in shell
2 small jars of the best raisins
1 small jar of the best currants
1 perk of pearl barley

Dry Saltery
12 qt flasks of best new sallad oil
3 bottles of best anchovies
3 bottles of capers
3 bottles of white mangoes
3 bottles of French olives
All [except the sallad oil] put into a case & the case filled up with small bottles of best mustard. The bottles of pickles to be about 5 1/2 pints each or near it.
30 gallons best white wine vinegar

Order Books

30 May 1775

For Ruth Hall

Grocery
12 lbs currants
70 lbs single refined sugar

Dry Saltery
3 lbs salt petre

Order Books

1 August 1775

For Alexander Ogg (merchant of Huntingtown, Calvert County)

Grocery
1/2 chest tea
20 lbs green tea
100 lbs pepper
500 lbs loaf sugar
50 lbs ginger
20 lbs nutmegs

Lemons
3 chests lemons

Order Books

10 September 1775

For Edward Abell
Grocery
1/2 lb nutmegs 9/
1/2 cinnamon 16/
30 lbs pepper 1/2
10 lbs pimento 10d

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